Adequate Yearly Progress (also AYP): As per the Federal No Child Left Behind Act, AYP represents the annual academic performance targets in reading and math that the State, school districts, and schools must reach to be considered on track for 100% proficiency by school year 2013-14.

AYP: See Adequate Yearly Progress

Concurrent validity: A type of criterion validity evidence which demonstrates that scores on one test are related to scores on another test, which could be administered instead.

Construct: The invisible trait or characteristic which a test is designed to measure.

Construct validity: The extent to which test scores reflect the trait intended for measurement and the underlying theory or model of behavior which explains the trait.

Content validity: The extent to which a test covers all of the relevant conceptual space instead of focusing on one narrow type or dimension of the concept.

Criterion validity: The extent to which test scores are related to an external standard or benchmark that is known to be a good indicator of the same or similar construct.

Generalizability: The extent to which findings (from a test or study) can be generalized (or extended) to natural settings (outside the classroom or lab).

Predictive validity: A type of criterion validity evidence which demonstrates that scores on one test are related to scores on another test, which cannot be administered until sometime in the future.

Table of specifications: A structured framework for the process of matching test items to the chosen performance domain.

Test blueprint: A detailed, written plan for a test that typically includes descriptions of the test´s purpose and target audience; the content or performance areas it will cover; the types of items and number to be written for each content or performance area, their scoring, and other characteristics; the test administration method; and desired psychometric characteristics of the items and the test.

Unified view of validity: The modern view that validity is a single concept that must be established by analyzing a variety of different types of evidence.

Validity: The extent to which a test measures what it is intended to measure.

Validity coefficient: A correlation between scores on one test and on another test believed to measure the same or similar construct.